APPROACHES TO IMPROVE THE EFFICIENCY OF CROPS GROWING ON A SOD-PODZOLIC SOIL
Abstract
The article presents the results of field studies on the impact of mineral fertilizer, liming, application of sulfur-containing fertilizer and microelements on the yield and economic efficiency of growing crops on a sod-podzolic soil. The study was conducted in a stationary experiment of the Institute of Agriculture of Western Polissya in the following crop rotation: winter wheat, corn, spring barley, winter rapeseed. Limestone materials (dolomite and limestone flour) were applied in doses determined by the magnitude of hydrolytic acidity (Hh, mmol/100 g of soil) before the experiment was started, recommended doses of mineral fertilizers were applied to the crops annually, and foliar feeding with the micronutrient "Nutrivan Plus" was carried out. It has been established that the productivity of crops on this type of soil largely depends on the degree of its agrochemical conditions. The use of mineral fertilizer (NPK) alone provided limited yield increase, while the combination of fertilizers with liming with dolomite flour contributed to a significant increase in crop productivity. The highest yield (4,00 t/ha) and economic return (9,2 thousand UAH/ha) in winter wheat crop was ensured by the integrated use of NPK, dolomite flour (1.0 Hh), sulfur (S40), and micronutrient fertilizers. For corn and winter rapeseed, the highest yield (9.04 and 2,94 t/ha) and profit (29,2 and 33,5 thousand UAH/ha), respectively, were obtained with the application of 1,5 Hh CaMg(CO3)2. It has been proven that growing crops without fertilizer or only with NPK is economically unprofitable. The obtained results confirm the feasibility of using an integrated system of fertilization and land reclamation on acidic soils to ensure sustainable agricultural production.
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